Overview
A Short Overview of Arcology's Core Technologies
This is a brief overview of the Arcology Network. For a quick hands‑on example, please check out the link. To take a deeper dive into Arcology, please refer to our detailed documentation here.
What is Arcology
Parallel Processing is the most effective way to scale in computer science. Supercomputers, AI, quantum computing—every field scales with parallel processing. Blockchain should too.
Arcology is a parallel Ethereum rollup network capable of processing multiple transactions simultaneously. It can handle tens of thousands of transactions per second, outperforming all existing high-performance blockchains.
Arcology has a parallel processing-focused architecture, a redesign of traditional, sequential-centric blockchain systems. It not only delivers deterministic parallel execution but also removes key Ethereum bottlenecks, such as slow storage access.
For a deep dive, please check out the following topics:
Inter-EVM Parallel Execution – EVM-equivalent and fully composable, enabling multiple EVM instances to run in parallel.
Hybrid Concurrency Control – Blockchain-native concurrency control for parallel execution.
Built-in Conflict Detection & Migration – Identifies state conflicts in real time and moves conflicting transactions to later generations for resolution.
Storage – How dual storage system with flattened database for execution and Merkle Patricia Trie for consensus, enabling fast reads, write and deterministic updates.
Concurrent library for Developers – APIs and data structures that help developers build contention-free smart contracts optimized for parallel execution.
Event-Driven, Microservice-Based Architecture – Scale the nodes horizontally beyond a single machine.
Comparison With Other L2s
Layer 2 solutions aim to overcome Ethereum’s scalability and cost challenges, but many still face limitations in throughput, fee stability, and security. Arcology redefines these benchmarks, delivering unmatched performance and efficiency.
Optimism
~2.5M
~119
Single‑threaded, fixed block limit
Arbitrum
~7M
~333
Single‑threaded, dynamic block limit
Arcology
2B+ @16 cores
10k–15k+
Parallel, multi‑core & multi‑machine
Comparison With Solana
Both achieve high throughput via parallel execution, but Arcology is Ethereum‑native, cluster‑scalable, and runs unmodified Solidity with tools to eliminate contention entirely.
Aspect
Arcology
Solana
Ethereum Compatibility
100% EVM‑equivalent – works with Ethereum tooling and libraries.
Not EVM‑compatible; requires rewrite to Solana’s model.
Execution Model
Optimistic concurrency – multiple unmodified EVM instances run in parallel; conflicts detected after execution.
Pessimistic concurrency – accounts declared and locked before execution.
Conflict Handling
Detects conflicts post‑execution; rolls back and retries/reschedules only the conflicting transactions.
Aborts immediately if undeclared account is accessed; no retry.
Granularity of Conflict Tracking
Storage‑slot level. With the Concurrent Library, even concurrent writes to the same variable can be safe.
Account‑level – any overlap in declared accounts causes a conflict.
Determinism Guarantee
Guaranteed
Guaranteed
Programming Model
EVM‑equivalent – existing Solidity contracts run without changes; using the Concurrent Library can eliminate all contention.
Solana VM — requires programs to explicitly declare all accounts they will access; undeclared accesses fail.
Developer Overhead
No need to predict access patterns; optional Concurrent Library lets devs eliminate contention entirely.
High – incorrect declarations fail execution and limit parallelism.
Storage Architecture
Dual storage: parallelized execution storage + async‑updated Ethereum MPT.
Account‑based storage model.
Horizontal Scaling
multi‑core + multi‑machine cluster. Built‑in multi‑machine per node for scaling.
single‑machine execution per validator.
MEV Protection
Parallel execution removes transaction ordering manipulation → eliminates sandwich MEV.
MEV possible if ordering not neutralized before execution.
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